Articles


DateSourceAuthorIDPdf_idTitleDescriptionExhib PdfpdfjpgWorks
26/02/1939 Sunday Express 124He is Preoccupied with War1)FROM SCRAP BOOK. pdf ...
01/10/1939 SA Theate Music and Dance 113The First of a Series Featuring Sculptors in South Africa1)fROM SCRAP BOOK. pdf ...
25/01/1940 East London ? 131Artists's Visit to City1)From scrap book. 2)Howard Shaw Art Gllery pdf ...
26/01/1940 Daily Dispatch 142Show of Modern Drawings1)From scrap bookHoward Shaw Art Gllery pdf ...
01/03/1944 Cape Times 95   pdf ...
24/03/1944 Zionist RecordMichael Ben Moshe56Monument to Mother1)Michael Ben Moshe a poet and teacher,scholar was a great friend ì of HW.Jewish Refugee Aid pdf ...
01/04/1944 Libertas 810Three Huge Figures1)Comes from scrap book 2. pdf ...
22/08/1944 Star 611Small But Strong Watercolour and Sculpture South Africa Academy Exhibition pdf ...
01/09/1944 Labour Bulletin 10185Magnificent piece - Protection1)Scrap book 2) Art section of the Labour Party's Freedom Fair pdf ...
14/09/1944 StarJ.W.v.H.37Exhibition of Sculpture Duncan Hall 44 pdf ...
14/09/1944 Rand Daily MailLewis Sowden28Exhibition of Sculpture by Herman Wald1)lEWIS SOWDEN WAS AN AUTHOR AS WELL AS ART CRITIC AND WAS A ì FRIEND OF HW.Duncan Hall 44 pdf ...
01/10/1944 Union ReviewUNKNOWN112The Sculpture of Herman Wald Duncan Hall 44 pdf ...
05/10/1944 Democrat 49Wald's Sculpture Duncan Hall 44 pdf ...
01/07/1945 Sunday TimesR.N.B1613Fine Works by Artosts at City Show Duncan Hall 45 pdf ...
20/06/1946 Star 17167Giant Figure by Sculptor  pdf ...
28/06/1946 SA Jewish Times 21183"KRIA", Herman Wald's Latest Work  pdf ...
07/07/1946 Sunday Express 2014Symbol of Chaos and Hope  pdf ...
04/09/1946 Woman's AuxillaryJ.J.KRIEL22186Herman Wald Shuns The Limelight  pdf ...
17/03/1947 Star 2616Streets Taking on Gay Air  pdf ...
01/04/1947 Jewish AffairsDr Joseph Sacks2519Herman Wald1)Very good biographical description. 2)Other sculptures mentioned.MOSES ON THE MOUNT. pdf ...
11/07/1947 SA Jewish TimesVIDA2818The Human Angle. Profile.  pdf ...
01/10/1947 Playtime 2715A Tribute to Muriel Alexander  pdf ...
13/10/1947 Unknown 2420Founder of Reps Honoured  pdf ...
12/11/1947 Tattler and BystanderROBERT TREDINNICK2317Sculpture from South Africa  pdf ...
22/02/1949 Rand Daily Mail 3426Standards Vary widely in brush and chisel club's latest exhibition1) Changed date fro 7th to 22nd. Assume Rand Daily Mail from this entryBeaux Arts Gallery - Brush and Chisel Club pdf ...
23/10/1949 Sunday Express 3221In Picadilly Cinema  pdf ...
28/10/1949 Rand Daily MailBOB CONNOLLY3025Personalitlies. Herman Wald.. Sculptor  pdf ...
17/11/1949 Star 2924Men of clay get little outlet for their talents1)General views of working in Jhb. 2)Scrap book 2. pdf ...
09/12/1949 SA Jewish TimesRichard Feldman3323On Transvaal Soil  pdf ...
30/12/1949 SA Jewish TimesU. FEINSTEIN3122Herman Wald's Kria  pdf ...
01/01/1950 African Yiddish 4028Hebrew  pdf ...
01/01/1950 Unknown 261281The Spirit of martyred European JewryText says 5 years after hostolities ceased. pdf ...
06/01/1950 SA Jewish Times 3631Johannesburg mass meeting mourns martyred jewry  pdf ...
27/01/1950 Zionist Record 3830Community to acquire Wald's Statue  pdf ...
27/01/1950 SA Jewish Times 3927Jewish community to acquire "kria"  pdf ...
04/03/1950 Star 3732Stoep Talk - Menuhin  pdf ...
01/04/1951 Jewish Affairs 4535   pdf ...
06/04/1951 Zionist Record 4434Herman Wald work for Springs synagogue Beaux Artd Gallery -Sanctum pdf ...
10/04/1951 Rand Daily Mail 4329Giant carving Beaux Artd Gallery -Sanctum pdf ...
01/08/1951 Jewish Affairs 4636   pdf ...
01/10/1951 Jewish Guild New Year AnnualEDGAR BERNSTEIN4237The art of Herman Wald1)Edgar Bernstein was a great friend of HW and wrote a lot of ì excellent material about him. pdf ...
20/11/1951 Star 4133Sculptor adds style to Johannesburg's face lift  pdf ...
01/01/1952 Unknown 25044Opening on Dec 29 Ann Bryant Art Gallery pdf ...
05/02/1952 Star 6052Reef towns pioneer new interest in art exhibitions1)Interview before overseas trip.Beaux Arts Gallery 52 pdf ...
16/03/1952 Sunday Times 5438Johannesburg's new theatre  pdf ...
20/03/1952 Souvenier Programme Opening 4979The Sculptures  pdf ...
21/03/1952 Star 5542(Monte Carlo Cinema)  pdf ...
21/03/1952 Star 5339High kicks and broad comedy at the Monte Carlo  pdf ...
01/09/1952 Star 5151   pdf ...
09/09/1952 Kedd Hungarian ?G.ERDELYI4749 1)Take it to Reshka Weiss for translation. pdf ...
14/09/1952 New York TimesSTEWART PRESTON4840In Brief: Exhibitions New Gallery - New York City pdf ...
19/09/1952 Auferu 5246Yiddish - get tranlated1)In Yiddish.Get somebody to translate.New Gallery - New York City pdf ...
30/10/1952 Star 5053Rome is "living-room" of Europe, says sculptor  pdf ...
07/11/1952 SA Jewish Times 5647Israel is making great headway in the arts, says Herman Wald1)Interview on return from overseas trip. pdf ...
20/12/1952 Daily Dispatch East London 5843Sculture Exhibtion Ann Bryant Art Gallery pdf ...
30/12/1952 Daily Dispatch East London 5745Happy Medium In Outlook Ann Bryant Art Gallery pdf ...
31/12/1952 Daily Dispatch East London 5948  Ann Bryant Art Gallery pdf ...
03/03/1954 Star 6464Vivid Sculpture full of tempestuous movement Beaux Arts Gallery 54 pdf ...
04/03/1954 Die Vanderland 17158Sonderlinge beeld vertoon. Beaux Arts Gallery 54 pdf ...
06/03/1954 Star 6356  Beaux Arts Gallery 54 pdf ...
01/04/1954 Jewish AffairsLEWIS SOWDEN?6754  Beaux Arts Gallery 54 pdf ...
26/10/1954 Star 6559  Beaux Arts Gallery - Farewell Exhibition pdf ...
25/05/1955 The Pretoria NewsNot mentioned7165Sculptor with feeling for the Monumental  pdf ...
26/05/1955 Star 7262Medal for maize trophy winners  pdf ...
01/06/1955 Rand Daily Mail 7361  Van Schaiks Gallery pdf ...
06/12/1955 Rand Daily Mail 7463   pdf ...
19/07/1956 Rand Daily Mail 7567Rand Man creates Memorial  pdf ...
27/10/1956 Star 76176   pdf ...
01/01/1957 Jewish Herald 245180Moving Opening Ceremony of new jewish aged home and hospitialDate assumed pdf ...
01/09/1957 The south African Engineer 7869Foundry drama has happy ending  pdf ...
15/11/1957 Goldfield's Friend 260280Native Woman and Child Welkom Exhibition pdf ...
20/11/1957 Star 8170Culture for the goldfields Welkom Exhibition pdf ...
23/11/1957 The Rhodesia herald 83179  Welkom Exhibition pdf ...
02/12/1957 Rand Daily Mail 8468£560,00 home of the Jewish aged  pdf ...
10/12/1957 Star 85181Monument to the jews  pdf ...
01/03/1958 Jewish AffairsSol Liptzin8672David Pinski: Nestor of Yiddish Literaure  pdf ...
29/08/1958 Zionist Record 8871Monument to jewish Martyrs in Europe  pdf ...
26/09/1958 The Jewish herald 9073Herman Wald Monument  pdf ...
01/01/1959 Unknown 242241 Date estimated. Other articles say new creation. Photo frm Transvaler pdf ...
01/01/1959 Unknown 243242Rabbi Nurock open exhibition by Herman WaldYear estimatedNew Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
01/03/1959 The south African Engineer 8774Difficult Casting Recalled  pdf ...
25/03/1959 Die Transvaler 9283   pdf ...
01/04/1959 Dorem Afrike 9476   pdf ...
03/04/1959 Zionist Record 95198herman Wald to hold exhibition New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
05/04/1959 Transvaal 9684it's been in his mind for 40 years  pdf ...
07/04/1959 Star 97195Segovia's 50th anniversary not forgotten New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
17/04/1959 Star 10182  New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
17/04/1959 Southern African Jewish Times 9980Life's Work New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
17/04/1959 Southern African Jewish Times 10081A Sculptor interprets the Bible New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
18/04/1959 Star 102228  New Queens Gallery - Bible in Sculpture pdf ...
21/04/1959 Star 10357jewish War Memorial  pdf ...
11/05/1959 Star 10678jewish memorial unveiled  pdf ...
11/05/1959 New York Times 10586Victims of hitler honored in Africa  pdf ...
11/05/1959 Rand Daily Mail 1071994.000 gather at memorial to 6m. Jews  pdf ...
15/05/1959 Jewish Herald 108197Rabbi Nurock's Stirring call to johannes jewry  pdf ...
31/05/1959 Hatsofe 11075   pdf ...
01/07/1959 Engineer and FoundrymanJohn Steele, M.I.B.F111173Moulding a massive monument  pdf ...
20/10/1959 Star 17085Space Age Sculptor Queens Gallery -Artist's Choice Exhibition pdf ...
01/01/1960 Rand Daily Mail 11287An Oppenheimer gift to the city  pdf ...
01/01/1960 Unknown 240239Don’t fence them inDate Guessed pdf ...
01/01/1960 Unknown 241240Sculptor sang while he workedDate guessed from contextNew Gallery - New York City pdf ...
01/01/1960 UnknownDennis Craig248189Ginger for luck say the WaldsEstimate Year pdf ...
01/01/1960 Star 113216Realized a dream  pdf ...
27/05/1960 Star 114259Oppenheimer fountain expected soon  pdf ...
29/05/1960 Sunday Times 115215Oppenheimer gift may start new tradition  pdf ...
13/06/1960 Rand Daily Mail 116243Fountain for the digger city  pdf ...
21/06/1960 Star 117188For Kimberley's new civic centre  pdf ...
01/07/1960 Zionist RecordO.G.118202Wald's fountain to be unveiled soon  pdf ...
16/07/1960 Star 119201first view of the new fountain  pdf ...
17/07/1960 Sunday Times 120190A present to Johannesburg  pdf ...
18/07/1960 Star 121205Watching the impala at play  pdf ...
19/07/1960 Rand Daily Mail 122191show peice without a name  pdf ...
06/09/1960 Rand Daily Mail 123192no.188 steals art show, but what is it?  pdf ...
08/09/1960 Die Vanderland 124193Wat is Dit Hierdie?  pdf ...
08/09/1960 Die Vanderland 125194Hier's Die Oplossing  pdf ...
11/10/1960 Cape Times 126214 unknow work and photo pdf ...
24/11/1960 Star 127171They now leap over mist  pdf ...
01/01/1961 Unknown 235233City council to decide on this bustDate guessed pdf ...
04/05/1961 S.A Art News 128220New Art Society on the Rand  pdf ...
24/12/1961 Sunday Express 129217S.A. Oscar award sparks film row  pdf ...
23/02/1962 Sunday Times 13088Five men holding aloft the traditional washing pan.  pdf ...
12/05/1962 Star 13289Night Light  pdf ...
19/05/1962 Digest of south African affairs 13391Symbol of diamond mining  pdf ...
25/05/1962 Sunday Times 131170Magnificent Sculpture  pdf ...
01/08/1962 South African Municipa Magazine 134219The city of diamonds  pdf ...
04/11/1962 Sunday Times 135203S.A women are out of touch  pdf ...
24/12/1962 Rand Daily Mail 13690Now impala fountain wanted for warsaw  pdf ...
01/01/1963 Rand Daily Mail 13793   pdf ...
01/03/1963 South African Digest 13894   pdf ...
01/05/1963 South African Panorama 13992In Honour of diggers  pdf ...
30/05/1964 The Cape Times Weekend Magazine 14096Historic Kimberley  pdf ...
27/11/1964 Rand Daily Mail 141237Natal's R1m Hotel  pdf ...
01/01/1965 Unknown 236234 Estimate year from content pdf ...
29/03/1965 StarColin Murray14297Make those buck leap  pdf ...
02/10/1965 Rand Daily Mail 14395   pdf ...
27/12/1965 Rand Daily Mail 14499Replicas of Walds work in demandIn America, he found "a strong revival of inter est in art" since his last vis it. "The queues at art museums are like th ose for bread in war tim e," he said. "Peo ple want onl y ori ginals these days, as a r eaction to th e materialism whi ch does not buy eve ry thi ng." In some cases it was a mixture of art for art's sake and a desire for investment. "The same th ing applies in London," said Mr. Wal do "The arts are booming. Th ey are re garded as bein g just as essenti al as commercial commodities." pdf ...
05/02/1966 Star 145100At restno text pdf ...
01/01/1967 Suid-Afrikaannse spoorwee 233224 Guessed from context. 1967 mentioned repeatedly as base date for populations. pdf ...
07/04/1967 Star 146221The Garden of Sculpture on Sixth Avenue"art is the lift between heven and earth" Wald pdf ...
24/09/1967 Berea Hebrew Congregation 147258   pdf ...
03/10/1967 Jewish Herald 148204   pdf ...
01/01/1968 Amicus Cerus 149101   pdf ...
01/04/1968 Netherlands Bank 150109   pdf ...
21/09/1968 Star 151106   pdf ...
02/10/1968 Star 152103Man Dominates family group  pdf ...
08/12/1968 South African Panorama 153107Walds' Work  pdf ...
24/12/1968 The Mercury 154102Gonubie scenery delights sculptor Wald  pdf ...
01/03/1969 ArtlookDavid Fram155113Herman Wald  pdf ...
29/11/1969 Rand Daily Mail 156112Symoblic group in Bronze  pdf ...
03/12/1969 Star 157111Cape's 'Carmen' for Jo'Burg stageWald explains work as "the positive in battle between the constructive and obstructive. In other words, one can undo any- thing except an interlocking Unity" pdf ...
19/12/1969 The S.A Jewish Times homes & gardens SupplementEddy Sacks158110Rabbi's Son Who Became a Top S.African artist.  pdf ...
08/01/1970 ArtlookNatalie Knight173122herman Wald 1906-1970  pdf ...
09/01/1970 Buurman 174114"WOLKEKRABBERS KAN HIE BID NIE"  pdf ...
01/07/1970 Jewish AffairsJames Parkes159123In the name of Religion  pdf ...
01/07/1970 Jewish Affairs 160124Herman Wald - a tribute  pdf ...
06/07/1970 Star 161117Sculptor Herman Wald Dies  pdf ...
06/07/1970 Rand Daily Mail 162118Herman Wald Dies in Rhodesia  pdf ...
06/07/1970 Die Transvaler 163126   pdf ...
08/07/1970 Star 164119Wald is buried near monument he created  pdf ...
08/07/1970 Star 165120Deaths  pdf ...
10/07/1970 Southern African Jewish Times 166121Herman Wald passes - great Jewish Sculpture  pdf ...
14/07/1970 The Jewish herald 167125Tributes to Herman Wald  pdf ...
14/07/1970 The Jewish herald 168128Herman Wald  pdf ...
17/07/1970 Southern African Jewish Times 169115Our debt to Herman Waldvery good brographical pdf ...
17/07/1970 Zionist Record 172116Herman wald: a personal tribute President Hotet pdf ...
01/01/1971 StarNatalie knight175136Wald scultpure to be shown Cranbrooke Hotel - Memorial Exhibiiton pdf ...
27/08/1971 South African Digest 177138   pdf ...
15/10/1971 Rand Daily MailH.E.W178132  Cranbrooke Hotel - Memorial Exhibiiton pdf ...
20/10/1971 StarRichard Cheales179131Wald shows his deep involvement with life Cranbrooke Hotel - Memorial Exhibiiton pdf ...
29/10/1971 Southern African Jewish Times 180137Herman Wald Exhibiton was major cultural event Cranbrooke Hotel - Memorial Exhibiiton pdf ...
13/11/1971 Star 181134   pdf ...
07/12/1971 Sauk Sabc Buttetin 176139   pdf ...
17/12/1971 Southern African Jewish Times 183135herman Wald's last work  pdf ...
13/06/1973 Star 184143At 64, she's just conquered everest (well, amost)  pdf ...
19/10/1973 South African Digest 185142Diamond Capital  pdf ...
21/11/1973 The Rhodesia herald 186141Wings of Poetry  pdf ...
09/01/1974 Southern African Jewish Times 188145   pdf ...
08/02/1974 Rand Daily Mail 187144   pdf ...
01/01/1975 The Jewish Heritage in south Africa 237236 Guess date from color of bronze patina pdf ...
03/01/1975 Rosebank Killarney Gazette 189146Tribute to S.A Scultptor  pdf ...
14/03/1975 Southern African Jewish Times 190148Permanent Herman Wald ExhibitionVera Wald has left his studio intact, it has now been turned in to a gallery pdf ...
04/01/1976 StarNatalie knight193151Parktown Exhibiton looks back Sladmore Exhibition - Retrospective pdf ...
16/03/1976 Jewish Herald 191262Herman Wald's Versatility Sladmore Exhibition - Retrospective pdf ...
19/03/1976 Southern African Jewish Times 192149Wald's work at Sladmore gallery Sladmore Exhibition - Retrospective pdf ...
14/04/1976 Star 194150Simple Bold Strength Sladmore Exhibition - Retrospective pdf ...
06/05/1976 The Jewish Week 195157South African Jews seen vital link in evolving new politics  pdf ...
01/01/1978 H.O.D Journal 196152Herman Wald Sculpture unveiled  pdf ...
21/03/1978 The Jewish herald 197209H.O.D acquires famous Herman Wald sculpturegood description of 'the Blessing' pdf ...
15/05/1978 The Citizen 198153Keeping flame burningVera Wald decribing Herman and the way he worked. Interesting.New Gallery - New York City pdf ...
23/05/1978 SA Jewish Times 25866Wald's "Blessing" for HOD  pdf ...
12/04/1979 Jewish Herald 201154  Morris Gallery pdf ...
12/05/1979 Southern African Jewish Times 202162Living mermories of the late Herman Wald Morris Gallery pdf ...
13/06/1979 Star 199158The Coldest in 33 years  pdf ...
26/06/1979 Jewish Herald 20098Jaycee Awards  pdf ...
12/11/1979 Rand Daily Mail 203156A sculptor to remember Morris Gallery pdf ...
13/12/1979 Star 204155Wald's sculptures are up for sale Morris Gallery pdf ...
19/12/1979 Star 20560  Morris Gallery pdf ...
01/01/1980 Jewish Herald 259161Rosh Hashanah Annual 1980 -5741Cover pdf ...
01/01/1980 Four Outstanding Young South Africans 206168Four Outstanding Young South Africans  pdf ...
09/04/1981 The Jerusalem Post Magazine 207164Cry the Beloved countries  pdf ...
30/10/1981 Star 208208   pdf ...
26/04/1982 Rand Daily Mail 209163   pdf ...
09/07/1982 Jewish Herald 210165Herman Wald Sculpture lives on  pdf ...
22/04/1983 Zionist Record 211213Remembering 6 million jews  pdf ...
11/10/1983 Daily DispatchD D R212245EL Refuses gift statue  pdf ...
11/11/1983 Daily DispatchSally fletcher213247Artists critise EL's refusal of gift Sculpture  pdf ...
19/11/1983 Daily Dispatch 214246Looking a gift horse in the mouth  pdf ...
03/01/1985 Star 216166Getting the bird  pdf ...
09/03/1985 Jewish Herald 218104 Mentions very briefly a exhibition in new york.New Gallery - New York City pdf ...
26/04/1985 Zionist RecordSimon Hoff217211We must never forget  pdf ...
19/09/1986 Jewish Herald 219172   pdf ...
16/03/1987 O Seculo De Joanesburgo 220223 cannot read in other lang!! pdf ...
16/01/1988 Daily Dispatch 215159Mermaid finds home in garden. Ann Bryant Art Gallery pdf ...
01/01/1989 Four Outstanding Young South Africans 22116922nd Annual - Four Outstanding Young South Africans  pdf ...
01/01/1990 Unknown 239238These jumping buck sprayed by water fountains…Guess Date. Rissik St. pdf ...
01/01/1992 Four Outstanding Young South Africans 222207Foysa'92  pdf ...
20/07/1995 Sowetan 223231Johanneburg freezes its 'boks off!  pdf ...
26/04/1996 Southern African Jewish Times 224210All Alone  pdf ...
16/11/1999 The Citizen 225225Jo'burg's favourite sculpture destroyed  pdf ...
17/11/1999 The Citizen 226229Outrage over sculpture  pdf ...
19/12/1999 The Sunday Independent 227227Christmas tale of the missing heads  pdf ...
16/08/2000 Star 229212Impala sculpture to leap right back into Joburg CBD  pdf ...
04/09/2000 Sunday Times 228222Keeping the talent in the family  pdf ...
22/05/2002 The Citizen 230174   pdf ...
01/01/2003 Unknown 234230 Date esitmated. Now 75 was 12 in say 1944 = 2007. Created 40 years ago say 2000. Choose midpoint pdf ...
07/08/2010 Mail&Guardian 231248Starbucks: The Brewing Controversy  pdf ...
25/11/2011 StarOmphitlhetse Mooki251249Showcasing his father's sculptures  pdf ...
19/02/2012 Cape ArgusRobyn Cohen252250Leaping into public view again Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
28/03/2012 Wits ReviewKatherine Munro, Natalie Knight264284Revealed .. The Unknown Miner6 page brochure for unveiling ceremony. pdf ...
30/03/2012 SowetanTeboga Monama253253Happy Birthday, Wits is 90  pdf ...
01/04/2012 Wits ReviewKatherine Munro, Natalie Knight256261Mindshapes Sculpture at WitsClick here to view the flash magazine (3MB) Click here to download the PDF (3MB) Click here to view the magazine online pdf ...
01/04/2012 SA Jewish ObserverNatalie Knight265285Graven Images and the Sculptures of Herman Wald Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
01/04/2012 Wits ReviewKatherine Munro, Natalie Knight267287Celebrating 90 Years of Excellence  pdf ...
01/04/2012 Wits ReviewKatherine Munro, Natalie Knight268288The Unveiling of the Unknown Miner  pdf ...
03/04/2012 Jewish AffairsUte Ben Yosef254255Herman Wald - His Life and Work4 pages including photographs.Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
03/04/2012 Jewish AffairsNatalie Knight255254Jewish Law and aspects of the work of Herman Wald4 pages including photographs.Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
03/04/2012 Jewish Affairs 263283Pesach 2012 Edition9 pages devoted to Herman WaldWings of the Shechinah pdf ...
15/04/2012 SA Jewish MuseumHayden Proud257257Wings of the Shechinah Brochure Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
01/05/2012 Jewish Life 266286Hermn Wald Wings of the Shechinah Exhibition Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
22/06/2012 SA Jewish ReportMoira Schneider262282Putting spotlight back on sculptor Herman Wald Wings of the Shechinah pdf ...
14/09/2017 HaBayitHava Borstin269289Sound of the Shofar will be heard in SlilenceAFocus on Memorial to the Six Million monument significance to deaf people. In Hebrew. Religious publication. No photographs of women. Date כ״ג בֶּאֱלוּל = 23 Elul 5777 or 14 September 2017 pdf ...